Inclusive production of X→bbˉ\rightarrow b\bar{b} plus a recoil for the LHC Run-II

This letter presents a study of the inclusive production of X$\rightarrow b\bar{b}$ plus a recoil, using simulated samples of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV for an integrated luminosity in the range between 30 fb$^{-1}$ to 3 ab$^{-1}$. The case for experiments to include un-prescaled $b$-tag multijet triggers for this topology is made and the ideal jet thresholds are discussed. The sensitivity to Standard Model Higgs with a transverse momentum of at least 200 GeV is evaluated with respect to a continuous background, dominated by multijet processes. The mass of $b$-jet-pairs is analysed, quoting sensitivity to cross-sections in the range of 1 to 2 pb, for 100 fb$^{-1}$, covering the Higgs production cross section of 1.8 pb. The trigger strategy presented in this letter is compared to triggers already in use, showing an increase on the signal efficiency for masses below 200 GeV and a performance comparable to a logic OR of all the currently available akin triggers for higher masses. The robustness of the expected sensitivity against systematic uncertainties is estimated by considering various typical sources, such as those on the fitting parameters of the continuous background, shape uncertainties affecting the signal acceptance and the background modelling. The accuracy of a Higgs production cross section measurements is also discussed, quoting sensitivity to deviations of 50% for 100 fb$^{-1}$ and 10% for 3 ab$^{-1}$.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Evaluación de desempeño de software para el análisis espectral de señales de voz en una arquitectura MIPS

Speech recognition and algorithms for audio encoding/decoding are large and complex. Embedded systems tend to have limited resources, so in order to develop efficient speech analysis applications for these platforms, it is important to evaluate the performance of speech processing algorithms. This paper presents the performance evaluation of an application for speech signals analysis implemented in an embedded system based on the XBurst jz4740 processor, which has MIPS based instruction set architecture (ISA). Two versions of a speech signal analysis application were designed using two algorithms for the spectral data extraction: Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Linear Predictive Coding (LPC). The two versions were implemented in the embedded system. Finally, a performance evaluation of the two versions implemented on the embedded system is carried out, measuring the response time, memory footprint and throughput. The results show that the response time is less than 10 seconds for speech signals with less than 214 samples, and the memory footprint is less than 25% of the maximum capacity. For larger signals, the system reduces its performance and it reaches memory saturation for signals with around 216 samples.Los algoritmos para el procesamiento de señales de voz son largos y complejos. Al momento de desarrollar aplicaciones de procesamiento de voz para sistemas embebidos, que suelen tener recursos limitados, es importante realizar una evaluación de desempeño de todo el sistema. Este artículo presenta la evaluación de desempeño de una aplicación para el análisis de señales de voz implementada en un sistema embebido basado en el procesador XBurst jz4740, que tiene un conjunto de instrucciones basado en la arquitectura MIPS. Se diseñaron dos versiones de la aplicación para el análisis de señales de voz, usando dos algoritmos para la extracción de información espectral: transformada rápida de Fourier y Codificación predictiva lineal. Finalmente se realizó una evaluación de desempeño de las dos versiones implementadas en el sistema embebido midiendo el tiempo de respuesta, el consumo de memoria y el volumen de trabajo. Los resultados muestran que las señales de voz con menos de 214 muestras tienen un tiempo de respuesta menor a 10 segundos, con un consumo de memoria menor al 25% del total disponible. Para señales con mayor número de muestras el sistema reduce su desempeño y para señales con cerca de 216 muestras el sistema alcanza saturación de memoria

Evaluación de los riesgos laborales en el beneficio seco de café Unión de cooperativas de café especial UCCEI RL, durante el segundo semestre del año 2016

En el presente documento investigativo se analizó los riesgos laborales en los que laboran los trabajadores del Beneficio de café seco UCCEI RL, durante el segundo semestre del año 2016. En esta investigación se evaluó la variable de riesgo laboral en el Beneficio de café UCCEI RL; siendo posible el análisis por medio de la utilización de instrumentos tales como: encuesta, entrevista y observación directa. Con el propósito de dar a conocer la situación general de los principales riesgos laborales que existen en la empresa y la magnitud presentada debido a las características propias de la empresa, esto con el objetivo de que la empresa tome en cuenta tales situaciones y se oriente para superar este tipo de problemas, priorizando aquellos en cuales los riesgos son mayores o críticos. Para la evaluación de los riesgos laborales y las condiciones de la empresa en cuanto seguridad, se ha utilizado como referencia la ley 618, ley general de seguridad e higiene ocupacional, además de otras fuentes bibliográficas enfocadas en el tema. De ello, se han propuesto las recomendaciones necesarias para desarrollar un ambiente seguro e higiénico para el personal que labora en la empresa, ya que, toda persona tiene derecho a desenvolver sus funciones en ambientes y puestos de trabajo seguros, que garanticen el bienestar físico y psicológico de las personas, teniendo como resultados beneficios no solo para el personal, sino también para la empresa. Por otra parte existen condiciones inseguras que pueden provocar daños, lesiones o accidentes a los trabajadores; por lo que se les sugiere a las autoridades de esta empresa prestar atención a estas áreas del beneficio, para poder superar las debilidades encontradas y ofrecer mayor seguridad a los trabajadore

MAHTM: A Multi-Agent Framework for Hierarchical Transactive Microgrids

Integrating variable renewable energy into the grid has posed challenges to system operators in achieving optimal trade-offs among energy availability, cost affordability, and pollution controllability. This paper proposes a multi-agent reinforcement learning framework for managing energy transactions in microgrids. The framework addresses the challenges above: it seeks to optimize the usage of available resources by minimizing the carbon footprint while benefiting all stakeholders. The proposed architecture consists of three layers of agents, each pursuing different objectives. The first layer, comprised of prosumers and consumers, minimizes the total energy cost. The other two layers control the energy price to decrease the carbon impact while balancing the consumption and production of both renewable and conventional energy. This framework also takes into account fluctuations in energy demand and supply.Comment: ICLR 2023 Workshop: Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learnin

Reconstructing singly produced top partners in decays to Wb

Fermionic top partners are a feature of many models of physics beyond the standard model. We propose a search strategy for single production of top partners focusing specifically on the dominant decay to Wb . The enormous background can be reduced by exploiting jet substructure to suppress top-pair production and by requiring a forward jet. This simple strategy is shown to produce a sensitive search for single top-partner production, in the context of composite Higgs models, that has competitive mass reach with existing experimental searches for top-partner-pair production at the 8 TeV LHC

La producción de becerros en Chihuahua: un análisis económico marginal

El uso de los recursos con productividad (eficiencia, eficacia, calidad y economía) deben ser el objeto de uso en el sector agropecuario. Se realizó un análisis para cuantificar la situación económica marginal de costos, ingresos y utilidad en productores con 40, 100, 200 y 500 vacas del sistema vaca-becerro, en las cuatro principales zonas productoras del estado de Chihuahua. Los datos se analizaron con el programa de simulación MEXSIM, utilizado por la SAGARPA para analizar los principales sistemas de producción agropecuaria de México y desarrollado por Agricultural and Food Policy Center (AFPC), de la Universidad de Texas A&M (TAMU). La situación económica fue precautoria para todas las escalas de producción, debido a bajas precipitaciones que provocaron la disminución del forraje producido y de los becerros destetados. Sin embargo, el 100% de las unidades de producción analizadas son rentables; asimismo, es variable entre escalas de producción y se incrementa a mayor escala de producción. La utilidad marginal promedio fue de 1,656.82 $/vaca, 115.18$/ha, 2,563.41 $/ becerro y 16.34$/kg de becerro. El sistema de producción muestra una ineficiencia de 32%, provocada por los productores de menor escala

Hábitos de estudio y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes del II ciclo en la escuela de Posgrado de la Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle, La Molina, 2019

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar de qué manera se relaciona los Hábitos de estudio y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes del II ciclo en la escuela de Posgrado de la Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle, La Molina, 2019. El enfoque fue de una investigación cuantitativa, de tipo descriptivo correlacional, de diseño no experimental. La población y la muestra estuvo compuesta estudiantes de la Escuela de Posgrado de la Universidad Nacional de Educación, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta de 50 preguntas con una escala de cinco categorías de respuestas referida a ambas variables. Este instrumento tuvo una alta confiabilidad de 0.917. Se realizó el análisis correspondiente a los resultados de la encuesta llegando a la demostración empírica de que un 94.6% apoya o considera positivamente los requerimientos de las dimensiones e indicadores propuestas en el instrumento; esto fue ampliamente corroborado y contrastado empleando el chi cuadrado.The objective of this research was to determine how the study habits and academic performance of the students of the II cycle in the Graduate School of the National University of Education Enrique Guzmán y Valle, La Molina, 2019 are related. The focus was of a quantitative investigation, of a correlational descriptive type, of non-experimental design. The population and the sample consisted of students from the Graduate School of the National University of Education, to whom a survey of 50 questions was applied with a scale of five response categories referring to both variables. This instrument had a high reliability of 0.917. The analysis corresponding to the results of the survey was carried out, arriving at the empirical demonstration that 94.6% support or consider positively the requirements of the dimensions and indicators proposed in the instrument; this was amply corroborated and contrasted using chi square

Top-tagging with shower deconstruction and search for single production of vector-like quarks at ATLAS

The identification of high transverse momentum top quarks is an essential ingredient of many searches for new physics. This thesis presents, for the first time, the performance of shower deconstruction, a new top-tagging algorithm, using data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The distribution of the shower deconstruction observable, the likelihood ratio $\chi_{\mathrm{SD}}$, is shown to be very well modelled by modern Monte Carlo generators, and is compared to several other algorithms and jet substructure observables. Shower deconstruction is shown to have the best quark- and gluon-jet background rejection over a wide range of signal efficiency. Vector-like quarks are a feature of several new physics models. As they do not gain their mass from a Yukawa coupling, they are still allowed by constraints set by Higgs production cross section measurements. These, so-called, fermionic-partners can play a role similar to that of bosonic-partners in supersymmetric models, providing a solution for the naturalness problem. This thesis presents the first dedicated search for single production of vector-like quarks, using data collected with the ATLAS detector, introducing novel strategies for separating signal from background. This work extends the exclusion limits from production of pairs of vector-like quarks, from 700 GeV to 950 GeV, for suitably large vector-like quarks couplings. Also, exclusion limits on the coupling versus vector-like quark mass space are presented for the first time. Large-R jet triggers are first introduced in ATLAS during Run 1 to cover topologies where these jets play a predominant role. In this thesis, several performance metrics of these triggers are presented, using data collected with the ATLAS detector, highlighting their advantages over standard jet triggers. Also, an example of how these triggers can be combined to lepton triggers to increase the efficiency of a search for new physics is shown

Evolution of dispersal and life history strategies – Tetrahymena ciliates

Background: Considerable attention has focused on how selection on dispersal and other core life-history strategies (reproductive effort, survival ability, colonization capacity) may lead to so-called dispersal syndromes. Studies on genetic variation in these syndromes within species could importantly increase our understanding of their evolution, by revealing whether traits co-vary across genetic lineages in the manner predicted by theoretical models, and by stimulating further hypotheses for experimental testing. Yet such studies remain scarce. Here we studied the ciliated protist Tetrahymena thermophila, a particularly interesting organism due to cells being able to transform into morphs differing dramatically in swim-speed. We investigated dispersal, morphological responses, reproductive performance, and survival in ten different clonal strains. Then, we examined whether life history traits co-varied in the manner classically predicted for ruderal species, examined the investment of different strains into short- and putative long-distance dispersal, while considering also the likely impact of semi-sociality (cell aggregation, secretion of 'growth factors') on dispersal strategies. Results: Very significant among-strain differences were found with regard to dispersal rate, morphological commitment and plasticity, and almost all core life-history traits (e. g. survival, growth performance and strategy), with most of these traits being significantly intercorrelated. Some strains showed high short- distance dispersal rates, high colonization capacity, bigger cell size, elevated growth performance, and good survival abilities. These well performing strains, however, produced fewer fast-swimming dispersal morphs when subjected to environmental degradation than did philopatric strains performing poorly under normal conditions. Conclusion: Strong evidence was found for a genetic covariation between dispersal strategies and core life history traits in T. thermophila, with a fair fit of observed trait associations with classic colonizer models. However, the well performing strains with high colonization success and short- distance dispersal likely suffered under a long-distance dispersal disadvantage, due to producing fewer fast-swimming dispersal morphs than did philopatric strains. The smaller cell size at carrying capacity of the latter strains and their poor capacity to colonize as individual cells suggest that they may be adapted to greater levels of dependency on clone-mates (stronger sociality). In summary, differential exposure to selection on competitive and cooperative abilities, in conjunction with selective factors targeting specifically dispersal distance, likely contributed importantly to shaping T. thermophila dispersal and life history evolution